Sources and Footnotes:

1. Surveillance Research Program, National Cancer Institute SEER*Stat software (www.seer.cancer.gov/seerstat) version 6.1.4. Surveillnace, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) Program (www.seer.cancer.gov) SEER*Stat Database: Mortality - All COD, Public-Use With State, Total U.S. (1969-2002), National Cancer Institute, DCCPS, Surveillance Research Program, Cancer Statistics Branch, released April 2005. Underlying mortality data provided by NCHS (www.cdc.gov/nchs).
2. American Cancer Society, Cancer Facts and Figures 2006. Atlanta: American Cancer Society; 2006.
3. Refer to the technical report on cervical cancer for a fuller discussion of these data and references.
4. NHIS 2003 Sample Adult Core Survey.
5. Guide to Community Preventive Services Website.
6. Five notes on costs and savings: 1) Costs and savings are expressed in year 2005 dollars.  2) Costs and savings are expressed as the per person cost per year over the recommended age range to facilitate use in estimating long-term budget impact.  3) Costs and savings are not discounted to facilitate use in estimating long-term budget impact.  As a result, they are not comparable to estimates that would be used in formal cost-effectiveness analysis.  Services that are cost-saving from a budgetary perspective may not be cost-saving in an economic analysis that discounts future events to their present value.  4) Costs and savings reflect non-adherence and the recommended frequency of delivery. Therefore, services with less frequent intervals or with lower adherence would have a lower cost than an otherwise identical service. 5) Costs reflect both initial preventive service costs (such as screening and counseling) and necessary follow-up costs such as diagnostic testing, pharmacotherapy, and intensive interventions for weight loss.